Add base for 3D skin heads!!!

pom.xml

@@ -116,6 +116,20 @@
             <scope>compile</scope>
         </dependency>
 
+        <!-- 3D Rendering 🧑🏼🔫 -->
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>java3d</groupId>
+            <artifactId>j3d-core</artifactId>
+            <version>1.3.1</version>
+            <scope>compile</scope>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>java3d</groupId>
+            <artifactId>j3d-core-utils</artifactId>
+            <version>1.3.1</version>
+            <scope>compile</scope>
+        </dependency>
+
         <!-- SwaggerUI -->
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springdoc</groupId>

src/main/java/me/braydon/mc/common/ImageUtils.java

@@ -24,68 +24,30 @@
 package me.braydon.mc.common;
 
 import lombok.NonNull;
-import lombok.SneakyThrows;
 import lombok.experimental.UtilityClass;
-import me.braydon.mc.model.Skin;
 
-import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
+import java.awt.*;
 import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
-import java.awt.image.AffineTransformOp;
 import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
-import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
-import java.net.URL;
 
 /**
  * @author Braydon
  */
 @UtilityClass
 public final class ImageUtils {
-    public static final int SKIN_TEXTURE_SIZE = 64; // The skin of a skin texture
-
     /**
-     * Get the texture of a part of a skin.
+     * Scale the given image to the provided size.
      *
-     * @param skin the skin to get the part texture from
-     * @param part the part of the skin to get
-     * @param size the size to scale the texture to
-     * @return the texture of the skin part
+     * @param image the image to scale
+     * @param size the size to scale the image to
+     * @return the scaled image
      */
-    @SneakyThrows
-    public static byte[] getSkinPart(@NonNull Skin skin, @NonNull Skin.Part part, int size) {
-        return getSkinPartTexture(skin, part.getX(), part.getY(), part.getWidth(), part.getHeight(), size);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Get the texture of a specific part of a skin.
-     *
-     * @param skin the skin to get the part from
-     * @param x the x position of the part
-     * @param y the y position of the part
-     * @param width the width of the part
-     * @param height the height of the part
-     * @param size the size to scale the part to
-     * @return the texture of the skin part
-     */
-    @SneakyThrows
-    public static byte[] getSkinPartTexture(@NonNull Skin skin, int x, int y, int width, int height, int size) {
-        BufferedImage skinImage = ImageIO.read(new URL(skin.getUrl())); // The skin texture
-
-        // Create a new BufferedImage for the part of the skin texture
-        BufferedImage headTexture = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
-
-        // Crop just the part we want based on our x, y, width, and height
-        headTexture.getGraphics().drawImage(skinImage, 0, 0, width, height, x, y, x + width, y + height, null);
-
-        // Scale the skin part texture
-        double scale = (double) size / width;
-        AffineTransform transform = AffineTransform.getScaleInstance(scale, scale);
-        headTexture = new AffineTransformOp(transform, AffineTransformOp.TYPE_NEAREST_NEIGHBOR).filter(headTexture, null);
-
-        // Convert BufferedImage to byte array
-        try (ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream()) {
-            ImageIO.write(headTexture, "png", outputStream);
-            outputStream.flush();
-            return outputStream.toByteArray();
-        }
+    @NonNull
+    public static BufferedImage resize(@NonNull BufferedImage image, double size) {
+        BufferedImage scaled = new BufferedImage((int) (image.getWidth() * size), (int) (image.getHeight() * size), BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
+        Graphics2D graphics = scaled.createGraphics();
+        graphics.drawImage(image, AffineTransform.getScaleInstance(size, size), null);
+        graphics.dispose();
+        return scaled;
     }
 }

src/main/java/me/braydon/mc/common/renderer/SkinPartRenderer.java

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/*
+ * MIT License
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2024 Braydon (Rainnny).
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+package me.braydon.mc.common.renderer;
+
+import lombok.NonNull;
+import lombok.SneakyThrows;
+import me.braydon.mc.common.ImageUtils;
+import me.braydon.mc.model.Skin;
+
+import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
+import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
+import java.net.URL;
+
+/**
+ * A renderer for a {@link Skin.Part}.
+ *
+ * @author Braydon
+ * @param <T> the type of part to render
+ */
+public abstract class SkinPartRenderer<T extends Skin.IPart> {
+    /**
+     * Invoke this render to render the
+     * given skin part for the provided skin.
+     *
+     * @param skin the skin to render the part for
+     * @param part the part to render
+     * @param overlays whether to render overlays
+     * @param size the size to scale the skin part to
+     * @return the rendered skin part
+     */
+    @NonNull public abstract BufferedImage render(@NonNull Skin skin, @NonNull T part, boolean overlays, int size);
+
+    /**
+     * Get the texture of a part of a skin.
+     *
+     * @param skin the skin to get the part texture from
+     * @param part the part of the skin to get
+     * @param size the size to scale the texture to
+     * @return the texture of the skin part
+     */
+    @SneakyThrows
+    protected BufferedImage getSkinPart(@NonNull Skin skin, @NonNull Skin.Part part, double size) {
+        return getSkinPartTexture(skin, part.getCoordinates().getX(), part.getCoordinates().getY(), part.getWidth(), part.getHeight(), size);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the texture of a specific part of a skin.
+     *
+     * @param skin   the skin to get the part from
+     * @param x      the x position of the part
+     * @param y      the y position of the part
+     * @param width  the width of the part
+     * @param height the height of the part
+     * @param size   the size to scale the part to
+     * @return the texture of the skin part
+     */
+    @SneakyThrows
+    private BufferedImage getSkinPartTexture(@NonNull Skin skin, int x, int y, int width, int height, double size) {
+        BufferedImage skinImage = ImageIO.read(new URL(skin.getUrl())); // The skin texture
+
+        // Create a new BufferedImage for the part of the skin texture
+        BufferedImage headTexture = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
+
+        // Crop just the part we want based on our x, y, width, and height
+        headTexture.getGraphics().drawImage(skinImage, 0, 0, width, height, x, y, x + width, y + height, null);
+
+        // Scale the skin part texture
+        headTexture = ImageUtils.resize(headTexture, size);
+
+        return headTexture;
+    }
+}

src/main/java/me/braydon/mc/common/renderer/impl/BasicSkinPartRenderer.java

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * MIT License
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2024 Braydon (Rainnny).
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+package me.braydon.mc.common.renderer.impl;
+
+import lombok.NonNull;
+import me.braydon.mc.common.renderer.SkinPartRenderer;
+import me.braydon.mc.model.Skin;
+
+import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
+
+/**
+ * A basic 2D renderer for a {@link Skin.Part}.
+ *
+ * @author Braydon
+ */
+public final class BasicSkinPartRenderer extends SkinPartRenderer<Skin.Part> {
+    public static final BasicSkinPartRenderer INSTANCE = new BasicSkinPartRenderer();
+
+    /**
+     * Invoke this render to render the
+     * given skin part for the provided skin.
+     *
+     * @param skin     the skin to render the part for
+     * @param part     the part to render
+     * @param overlays whether to render overlays
+     * @param size     the size to scale the skin part to
+     * @return the rendered skin part
+     */
+    @Override @NonNull
+    public BufferedImage render(@NonNull Skin skin, @NonNull Skin.Part part, boolean overlays, int size) {
+        return getSkinPart(skin, part, size / 8D);
+    }
+}

src/main/java/me/braydon/mc/common/renderer/impl/IsometricSkinPartRenderer.java

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*
+ * MIT License
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2024 Braydon (Rainnny).
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+package me.braydon.mc.common.renderer.impl;
+
+import lombok.NonNull;
+import me.braydon.mc.common.renderer.SkinPartRenderer;
+import me.braydon.mc.model.Skin;
+
+import java.awt.*;
+import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
+import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
+
+/**
+ * A isometric 3D renderer for a {@link Skin.Part}.
+ *
+ * @author Braydon
+ */
+public final class IsometricSkinPartRenderer extends SkinPartRenderer<Skin.IsometricPart> {
+    public static final IsometricSkinPartRenderer INSTANCE = new IsometricSkinPartRenderer();
+
+    private static final double SKEW_A = 26D / 45D;   // 0.57777777
+    private static final double SKEW_B = SKEW_A * 2D; // 1.15555555
+
+    private static final AffineTransform HEAD_TOP_TRANSFORM = new AffineTransform(1D, -SKEW_A, 1, SKEW_A, 0, 0);
+    private static final AffineTransform FACE_TRANSFORM = new AffineTransform(1D, -SKEW_A, 0D, SKEW_B, 0d, SKEW_A);
+    private static final AffineTransform HEAD_LEFT_TRANSFORM = new AffineTransform(1D, SKEW_A, 0D, SKEW_B, 0D, 0D);
+
+    /**
+     * Invoke this render to render the
+     * given skin part for the provided skin.
+     *
+     * @param skin     the skin to render the part for
+     * @param part     the part to render
+     * @param overlays whether to render overlays
+     * @param size     the size to scale the skin part to
+     * @return the rendered skin part
+     */
+    @Override @NonNull
+    public BufferedImage render(@NonNull Skin skin, @NonNull Skin.IsometricPart part, boolean overlays, int size) {
+        double scale = (size / 8D) / 2.5;
+        double zOffset = scale * 3.5D;
+        double xOffset = scale * 2D;
+
+        BufferedImage texture = new BufferedImage(size, size, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
+        Graphics2D graphics = texture.createGraphics();
+
+        BufferedImage headTop = getSkinPart(skin, Skin.Part.HEAD_TOP, scale);
+        BufferedImage face = getSkinPart(skin, Skin.Part.FACE, scale);
+        BufferedImage headLeft = getSkinPart(skin, Skin.Part.HEAD_LEFT, scale);
+
+        // Draw the top of the left
+        drawPart(graphics, headTop, HEAD_TOP_TRANSFORM, -0.5 - zOffset, xOffset + zOffset, headTop.getWidth(), headTop.getHeight() + 2);
+
+        // Draw the face of the head
+        double x = xOffset + 8 * scale;
+        drawPart(graphics, face, FACE_TRANSFORM, x, x + zOffset - 0.5, face.getWidth(), face.getHeight());
+
+        // Draw the left side of the head
+        drawPart(graphics, headLeft, HEAD_LEFT_TRANSFORM, xOffset + 1, zOffset - 0.5, headLeft.getWidth(), headLeft.getHeight());
+
+        return texture;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Draw a part onto the texture.
+     *
+     * @param graphics  the graphics to draw to
+     * @param partImage the part image to draw
+     * @param transform the transform to apply
+     * @param x         the x position to draw at
+     * @param y         the y position to draw at
+     * @param width     the part image width
+     * @param height    the part image height
+     */
+    private void drawPart(@NonNull Graphics2D graphics, @NonNull BufferedImage partImage, @NonNull AffineTransform transform,
+                          double x, double y, int width, int height) {
+        graphics.setTransform(transform);
+        graphics.drawImage(partImage, (int) x, (int) y, width, height, null);
+    }
+}

src/main/java/me/braydon/mc/model/Skin.java

@@ -26,11 +26,11 @@ package me.braydon.mc.model;
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty;
 import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
 import lombok.*;
-import me.braydon.mc.common.ImageUtils;
 import me.braydon.mc.config.AppConfig;
 
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
 
 /**
  * A skin for a {@link Player}.
@@ -64,8 +64,14 @@ public final class Skin {
      */
     @NonNull
     public Skin populatePartUrls(@NonNull String playerUuid) {
-        for (Part part : Part.values()) {
+        Consumer<IPart> addPart = part -> {
             partUrls.put(part.name(), AppConfig.INSTANCE.getServerPublicUrl() + "/player/" + part.name().toLowerCase() + "/" + playerUuid + ".png");
+        };
+        for (Part part : Part.values()) {
+            addPart.accept(part);
+        }
+        for (IsometricPart part : IsometricPart.values()) {
+            addPart.accept(part);
         }
         return this;
     }
@@ -93,28 +99,91 @@ public final class Skin {
      * Possible models for a skin.
      */
     public enum Model {
-        SLIM, DEFAULT
+        DEFAULT, SLIM
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Represents a part of a skin.
+     */
+    public interface IPart {
+        /**
+         * Get the name of this part.
+         *
+         * @return the part name
+         */
+        @NonNull String name();
     }
 
     /**
      * The part of a skin.
      */
-    @AllArgsConstructor @Getter @ToString
-    public enum Part {
-        HEAD_TOP(8, 0, ImageUtils.SKIN_TEXTURE_SIZE / 8, ImageUtils.SKIN_TEXTURE_SIZE / 8),
-        FACE(8, 8, ImageUtils.SKIN_TEXTURE_SIZE / 8, ImageUtils.SKIN_TEXTURE_SIZE / 8),
-        HEAD_LEFT(0, 8, ImageUtils.SKIN_TEXTURE_SIZE / 8, ImageUtils.SKIN_TEXTURE_SIZE / 8),
-        HEAD_RIGHT(16, 8, ImageUtils.SKIN_TEXTURE_SIZE / 8, ImageUtils.SKIN_TEXTURE_SIZE / 8),
-        HEAD_BOTTOM(8, 8, ImageUtils.SKIN_TEXTURE_SIZE / 8, ImageUtils.SKIN_TEXTURE_SIZE / 8);
+    @AllArgsConstructor @RequiredArgsConstructor @Getter @ToString
+    public enum Part implements IPart {
+        // Head
+        HEAD_TOP(new Coordinates(8, 0), 8, 8),
+        FACE(new Coordinates(8, 8), 8, 8),
+        HEAD_LEFT(new Coordinates(0, 8), 8, 8),
+        HEAD_RIGHT(new Coordinates(16, 8), 8, 8),
+        HEAD_BOTTOM(new Coordinates(16, 0), 8, 8),
+        HEAD_BACK(new Coordinates(24, 8), 8, 8);
 
         /**
          * The coordinates of this part.
          */
-        private final int x, y;
+        @NonNull private final Coordinates coordinates;
+
+        /**
+         * The legacy coordinates of this part.
+         * <p>
+         * This is for older skin textures
+         * that use different positions.
+         * </p>
+         */
+        private LegacyCoordinates legacyCoordinates;
 
         /**
          * The size of this part.
          */
         private final int width, height;
+
+        /**
+         * Coordinates of a part of a skin.
+         */
+        @AllArgsConstructor @Getter @ToString
+        public static class Coordinates {
+            /**
+             * The X coordinate.
+             */
+            private final int x;
+
+            /**
+             * The Y coordinate.
+             */
+            private final int y;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Legacy coordinates of a part of a skin.
+         */
+        @Getter @ToString
+        public static class LegacyCoordinates extends Coordinates {
+            /**
+             * Whether the part at these coordinates is flipped.
+             */
+            private final boolean flipped;
+
+            public LegacyCoordinates(int x, int y) {
+                this(x, y, false);
+            }
+
+            public LegacyCoordinates(int x, int y, boolean flipped) {
+                super(x, y);
+                this.flipped = flipped;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public enum IsometricPart implements IPart {
+        HEAD
     }
 }

src/main/java/me/braydon/mc/service/MojangService.java

@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ import lombok.NonNull;
 import lombok.SneakyThrows;
 import lombok.extern.log4j.Log4j2;
 import me.braydon.mc.common.*;
+import me.braydon.mc.common.renderer.impl.BasicSkinPartRenderer;
+import me.braydon.mc.common.renderer.impl.IsometricSkinPartRenderer;
 import me.braydon.mc.common.web.JsonWebException;
 import me.braydon.mc.common.web.JsonWebRequest;
 import me.braydon.mc.exception.impl.BadRequestException;
@@ -60,6 +62,9 @@ import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
 import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
 
+import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
+import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
 import java.net.URL;
@@ -163,8 +168,26 @@ public final class MojangService {
      * @throws BadRequestException      if the extension is invalid
      * @throws MojangRateLimitException if the Mojang API rate limit is reached
      */
+    @SneakyThrows
     public byte[] getSkinPartTexture(@NonNull String partName, @NonNull String query, @NonNull String extension, String sizeString)
             throws BadRequestException, MojangRateLimitException {
+        partName = partName.toUpperCase(); // The part name to get
+
+        // Get the part from the given name
+        Skin.IPart part = EnumUtils.getEnumConstant(Skin.Part.class, partName); // The skin part to get
+        if (part == null) { // The given part is invalid, try a isometric part
+            part = EnumUtils.getEnumConstant(Skin.IsometricPart.class, partName);;
+        }
+        if (part == null) { // Default to the face
+            part = Skin.Part.FACE;
+        }
+
+        // Ensure the extension is valid
+        if (extension.isBlank()) {
+            throw new BadRequestException("Invalid extension");
+        }
+
+        // Get the size of the part
         Integer size = null;
         if (sizeString != null) { // Attempt to parse the size
             try {
@@ -173,13 +196,6 @@ public final class MojangService {
                 // Safely ignore, invalid number provided
             }
         }
-        Skin.Part part = EnumUtils.getEnumConstant(Skin.Part.class, partName.toUpperCase()); // The skin part to get
-        if (part == null) { // Default to the head part
-            part = Skin.Part.FACE;
-        }
-        if (extension.isBlank()) { // Invalid extension
-            throw new BadRequestException("Invalid extension");
-        }
         if (size == null || size <= 0) { // Invalid size
             size = DEFAULT_PART_TEXTURE_SIZE;
         }
@@ -201,9 +217,19 @@ public final class MojangService {
         if (target == null) { // Fallback to the default skin
             target = Skin.DEFAULT_STEVE;
         }
-        byte[] texture = ImageUtils.getSkinPart(target, part, size);
-        skinPartTextureCache.save(new CachedSkinPartTexture(id, texture)); // Cache the texture
-        return texture;
+        BufferedImage texture = part instanceof Skin.IsometricPart isometricPart ?
+                IsometricSkinPartRenderer.INSTANCE.render(target, isometricPart, true, size)
+                : BasicSkinPartRenderer.INSTANCE.render(target, (Skin.Part) part, true, size); // Render the skin part
+
+        // Convert BufferedImage to byte array
+        try (ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream()) {
+            ImageIO.write(texture, "png", outputStream);
+            outputStream.flush();
+
+            byte[] bytes = outputStream.toByteArray();
+            skinPartTextureCache.save(new CachedSkinPartTexture(id, bytes)); // Cache the texture
+            return bytes;
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -268,6 +294,7 @@ public final class MojangService {
                     uuid, token.getName(),
                     skinProperties.getSkin() == null ? Skin.DEFAULT_STEVE : skinProperties.getSkin(),
                     skinProperties.getCape(),
+                    token.getProperties(),
                     profileActions.length == 0 ? null : profileActions,
                     System.currentTimeMillis()
             );